COKES AND GRAPHITES PRODUCED FROM ANTHRACENE, ACRIDINE, AND PHENAZINE

The effect of substitution of nitrogen into the 9 position and 9,10 positions of anthracene in place of C-H groups on the kinetics of carbonization to yield pyridine insolubles (PI) and the properties of the cokes and graphites produced have been studied. Acridine and phenazine exhibit higher carbonization rates than doses anthracene. Carbonization of each of these heterocyclics leads to low-temperature cokes exhibiting large flow domain, isochromatic regions and good graphitizability. However, the elimination of nitrogen from the low-temperature cokes upon their calcination does result in the production of cokes and graphites of lower particle densities and higher surface areas. The result is that these carbons have higher reactivities to air and they probably will lead to the production of artifacts of inferior mechanical properties.