COLD-ROLLING AND PRIMARY-RECRYSTALLISATION TEXTURES OF 18 PERCENT CHROMIUM STEELS CONTAINING 10 PERCENT, 12 PERCENT AND 14 PERCENT NICKEL

The cold-rolling and primary-recrystallisation textures of 18% chromium steels containing 10%, 12% and 14% nickel have been determined. During cold-rolling to 93% reduction, all the steels partially transform to α′ martensite, the extent of the transformation increasing with decreasing nickel content. The 18 10 steel exhibits a texture consisting mainly of {111}〈112〉α′, {112}〈110〉α′ and {001}〈110〉α′ orientations, with a small amount of untransformed austenite having an orientation {110}〈112〉. In the 18 12 steel the main component is the {110} 〈112〉γ orientation, and in the martensite of this steel only the {111}〈112〉 and {112}〈110〉 orientations are observed. The amount of martensite formed in the 18 14 steel is veru small compared with that found in the 18 10 and 18 12 steels, and the texture of the austenite is again of the type {110}〈112〉. In the annealed condition the orientations ∼{110}-〈112〉γ and ∼{112}〈111〉γ are initially present in the 18 10 steel, and these subsequently recrystallise to ∼{230}〈32,13〉 and ∼{230}〈321〉 components respectively. Since the orientations ∼{110}〈112〉γ and ∼{112}〈111〉γ may be related to ∼{111}〈112〉α′ and ∼{112}〈110〉α′ rolling texture components by a Kurdiumov-Sachs relationships, it is postulated that the transformation from martensite to austenite produced by annealing is by a reverse martensitic process. Recrystallisation of the ∼{110}〈112〉 and ∼{112}〈111〉 orientations is probably by an oriented growth process, since these orientations are related respectively to ∼{230}〈32,13〉 and ∼{230}〈321〉 by rotations about common 〈111〉 axes. In the 18 12 and 18 14 steels the recrystallisation texture can be described as ∼{113}〈211〉. This orientation may be derived from the {110}〈112〉 component of the rolling texture by a 40° 〈111〉-rotation, in accordance with an oriented-growth mechanism. Annealing texture components derived from the martensite rolling texture are assumed to be absorbed by the growth of the ∼{113}〈211〉 orientation. © 1969.