PRIMARY ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME AND CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA - REPORT ON ACUTE INTERVENTION IN 2 CASES AND LITERATURE-REVIEW WITH EMPHASIS ON THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS

In two patients with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and acute cerebrovascular ischemic events, local intraarterial fibrinolysis and intravenous heparin therapy, respectively, resulted in a limitation of persisting neurological deficits. On the basis of the 35 case reports available a combination of anticoagulation with warfarin, plus immunosuppression with steroids and/or cyclophosphamide or azathioprine, appears to be the best treatment to prevent further cerebral ischemic events. The therapeutic options are reviewed and discussed.