HIGH-EFFICIENCY ADVENTIVE EMBRYOGENESIS ON SOMATIC EMBRYOS OF ANTHER, FILAMENT AND IMMATURE PROEMBRYO ORIGIN IN HORSE-CHESTNUT (AESCULUS-HIPPOCASTANUM L) TISSUE-CULTURE

Adventive embryogenesis was successfully induced in cultures of zygotic and somatic embryos on MS medium supplemented with BA and NAA. A procedure has been proved successful for the in vitro multiplication of somatic embryos regenerated at low frequencies from filament and callus cultures. The occurrence and rate of adventive embryogenesis did not depend on the origin of the primary embryos (zygotic and somatic), but did depend on the developmental stage. Primary embryos are capable of embryogenesis in each of the different phases of embryogenesis, though the rate is different. BA concentrations of 22-44-mu-M increased the rate of adventive embryogenesis and accelerated the development of embryos. The highest proliferation rate (22-25x/5 weeks) was achieved at hormone concentrations of 44-mu-M BA and 5.4-mu-M NAA.