The genus Pseudopentameris Conert is examined morphologically and anatomically. A phenetic study of the morphologically variable species P. macrantha indicates that two taxa should be recognised. One of these, P. caespitosa N.P. Barker, is described as new. In addition, the study supports the inclusion of Pentameris obtusifolia in Pseudopentameris. The genus Pseudopentameris is re-delimited to accommodate the new tara, and a key to species is provided. Details of the cytology, phylogeny and conservation status of taxa in the genus are also discussed.