A controlled trial of vagotomy with gastrojejunostomy and partial gastrectomy for chronic duodenal ulcer has been conducted since 1954. This paper reports and compares the symptomatic results in patients operated on at least eight years ago. In general, the differences are small but favour vagotomy. Fullness after meals was more common after gastrectomy and disturbed bowels more common after vagotomy. It is a pleasure to thank all the surgeons who participated in this trial, in particular Sir Charles Illingworth, in whose department it was initiated, and Professor A. W. Kay, who gave invaluable advice and encouragement throughout the present study. © 1968, British Medical Journal Publishing Group. All rights reserved.