The thermally induced stress birefringence in YAG rods and slabs has been analysed theoretically. After carrying out the transformation of the fourth-rank photoelastic and piezo-optic tensors from the crystal lattice coordinate system to the laboratory coordinate system, it is possible to calculate easily the modified indicatrix for any stress distribution. The calculations show that the birefringence in a zigzag slab, in general, depends on the angle under which the slab is cut from the boule.