SPONTANEOUS POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS IN SEVERAL FERROELECTRIC OXIDES USING A PULSED-FIELD METHOD

The room-temperature spontaneous polarizations in LiNbO3, LiTaO3, Ba2NaNb5O15, Sr 0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6, Ba 1.1Sr0.9NaNb5O15, and Sr 2KNb5O15 have been measured directly by a pulsed field method using an aqueous solution of LiCl as the electrode material. The experimental results are: P8 (LiNbO3) = 0.71±0.02 C/m2, P8 (LiTaO3) = 0.50±0.01 C/m2, P8 (Ba2NaNb 5O15) = 0.40±0.01 C/m2, P8 (Ba1.1Sr0.9NaNb5O15) = 0.36±0.01 C/m2, P8 (Sr2KNb 5O15) = 0.25±0.01 C/m2, and P 8 (Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6) = 0.25±0.01 C/m2. Experimental techniques are presented, and the advantages of the pulsed-field method over hysteresis-loop methods are discussed. © 1969 The American Institute of Physics.