ENZYME-ACTIVITY IN SOILS SHOWING ENHANCED DEGRADATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES

被引:17
作者
SIKORA, LJ [1 ]
KAUFMAN, DD [1 ]
HORNG, LC [1 ]
机构
[1] AGRISEARCH INC,FREDERICK,MD 21701
关键词
Biodegradation; Chlorpyrifos; Dehydrogenase activity; Fonofos; Phorate; Phosphatases; Terbufos;
D O I
10.1007/BF00335855
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Studies were conducted to determine whether soils that showed enhanced biodegradation of organophosphate insecticides had significantly different enzyme activities from those in the same soils with no previous exposure to the insecticides. Twenty-one pairs of soils were collected from farms in the Midwest where chlorpyrifos, terbufos, fonofos, or phorate had failed to protect corn (Zea mays L) from corn rootworm (Diabrotica sp). Each soil was analyzed for acid and alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, phosphotriesterase, and dehydrogenase activities. Over 40% of the insecticide-treated soils had higher acid phosphatase activity than the fence row soils which had no previous exposure to the insecticide. Over twothirds of the soils treated with fonofos had higher acid phosphatase and phosphotriesterase activity than the fence row soils. If these enzymes are not directly involved in the biodegradation of the insecticitde, they may be indicative of enhanced biodegradation and may be used to predict which soils may be prone to insecticide failure. © 1990 Springer-Verlag.
引用
收藏
页码:14 / 18
页数:5
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