ON THE STATE OF STRESS IN THE NEAR-SURFACE OF THE EARTHS CRUST

被引：53

作者：

SAVAGE, WZ

SWOLFS, HS

AMADEI, B

机构：

[1] US Geological Survey, MS 966, Denver, 80215, Colorado

[2] Department of Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309, Colorado

来源：

PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS | 1992年 / 138卷 / 02期

关键词：

INSITU STRESSES; CRUSTAL STRAIN; GRAVITY; PLASTIC FLOW; VISCOELASTICITY;

D O I：

10.1007/BF00878896

中图分类号：

P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];

学科分类号：

0708 ; 070902 ;

摘要：

Five models for near-surface crustal stresses induced by gravity and horizontal deformation and the influence of rock property contrasts, rock strength, and stress relaxation on these stresses am presented. Three of the models-the lateral constraint model, the model for crustal stresses caused by horizontal deformation, and the model for the effects of anisotropy-are linearly elastic. The other two models assume that crustal rocks are brittle or viscoelastic in order to account for the effects of rock strength and time on near-surface stresses. It is shown that the lateral constraint model is simply a special caw of the combined gravity- and deformation-induced stress field when horizontal strains vanish and that the inclusion of the effect of rock anisotropy in the solution for crustal stresses caused by gravity and horizontal deformation broadens the range for predicted stresses. It is also shown that when stress levels in the crust reach the limits of brittle rock strength, these stresses become independent of strain rates and that stress relaxation in ductile crustal rocks subject to constant horizontal strain rates causes horizontal stresses to become independent of time in the long term.

引用

页码：207 / 228

页数：22

共 41 条

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