IDENTIFICATION OF A LOCUS-CONTROL REGION IN THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY-CHAIN LOCUS THAT DEREGULATES C-MYC EXPRESSION IN PLASMACYTOMA AND BURKITTS-LYMPHOMA CELLS

In murine plasmacytoma and human Burkitt's lymphoma cells, one allele of c-myc is translocated into one of the immunoglobulin loci, resulting in a characteristic pattern of deregulated c-myc transcription. Translocation events between c-myc and the IgH locus segregate c-myc and the IgH intron enhancer to different reciprocal products in ah plasmacytomas and in most Burkitt's lymphoma cells, suggesting that an additional element(s) capable of affecting c-myc expression over a large and variable distance must exist in the IgH locus. The region 3' of the IgH C alpha gene contains four tissue-specific and cell stage-specific DNase I hypersensitive sites (HSs), two of which map to the late B cell-specific 3' Ca enhancer. We report here that DNA sequences comprising the two other 3' C alpha HSs contain potential protein-binding motifs for trans-activators commonly associated with immunoglobulin enhancers and that these sites can function as cell stage-specific enhancers in transient B cell assays. A DNA fragment containing all four HSs (HS1234) synergistically activates c-myc transcription in plasmacytoma and Burkitt's lymphoma cells in transient assays and induces high-level transcription, a promoter shift from P2 to P1, and an increase in readthrough transcription in stable transfections. Furthermore, plasmacytoma clones stably transfected with a HS1234 linked c-myc construct express c-myc in a position-independent, copy number dependent manner. These results suggest that H1234 may function as a locus control region (LCR), deregulating c-myc expression in t(15;12) plasmacytomas, as well as potentially contributing to aspects of normal IgH chain expression.