CATALYSIS AND SURFACE SCIENCE

Catalysis science investigates the dynamics of the elementary surface reaction steps on the atomic scale and the relationship of the atomic surface structure and surface composition to the catalytic process. A large number of surface science techniques are employed for this purpose and special instrumentation has been developed to couple the low pressure environment necessary for the application of many of these techniques and the high pressure conditions utilized in catalysis. The small area (∼1 cm2) of the single crystal surfaces has yielded reaction rates identical to those on dispersed high area catalysts for several structure insensitive reactions. The model studies using well characterized surfaces reveal the special importance of (a) surface irregularities and (b) surface additives in controlling the rate and the product distribution in the surface reactions. Several examples will be shown to demonstrate this for hydrocarbon conversion and the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactions. Present research approaches include (1) the atomic scale investigation of proven catalytic systems, (2) studies of catalyst deactivation and poisoning, and (3) attempts to build new catalysts. These along with likely directions of future research are discussed. © 1979.