FLOW-INJECTION ANALYSIS AND ENZYME ELECTRODES FOR BIOPROCESS MONITORING

This review outlines the role played by enzyme electrodes and flow injection analysis (FIA) in bioprocess monitoring. The review is limited to a survey of the application of these systems to the monitoring of physiologically active parameters, such as substrate, product and biomass concentration. Priority is placed on a comparison of the presently available in situ and online techniques including the disadvantages associated with and the advantages offered by each system. An overview of the available sampling systems is given plus their suitability when coupled with FIA for bioprocess monitoring. The survey will be restricted to those techniques which have already been applied to bioprocess monitoring. The review will be illustrated by recent examples of the application of enzyme electrodes and FIA to microbial fermentation and cultivation and animal cell culture.