Six new steroidal saponins were isolated from the rhizomes of Smilax sieboldii. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and hydrolysis to be 3-beta-hydroxy-(25R)-5-alpha-spirostan-6-one (laxogenin) 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside, laxogenin 3-0-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3-beta,27-dihydroxy-(25S)-5-alpha-spirostan-6-one 3-0-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-O-[alpha-L-ara-binopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-beta,22-xi,26-trihydroxy-(25R)-5-alpha-furostan-6-one 3-0-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 26-0-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-beta,22-xi,26-trihydroxy-(25R)-5-alpha-furostan-6-one 3-0-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(l --> 6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside and (25R)-5-alpha-spirostan-3-beta-ol (tigogenin) 3-0-beta-D-gluCopyranosyl-(l --> 4)-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(l --> 6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The inhibition of cAMP phosphodiesterase by the saponins was evaluated.