WATER ON MARS - CLUES FROM DEUTERIUM/HYDROGEN AND WATER CONTENTS OF HYDROUS PHASES IN SNC METEORITES

Ion microprobe studies of hydrous amphibole, biotite, and apatite in shergottite-nakhlite-chassignite (SNC) meteorites, probable igneous rocks from Mars, indicate high deuterium/ hydrogen (D/H) ratios relative to terrestrial values. The amphiboles contain roughly one-tenth as much water as expected, suggesting that SNC magmas were less hydrous than previously proposed. The high but variable D/H values of these minerals are best explained by postcrystallization D enrichment of initially D-poor phases by martian crustal fluids with near atmospheric D/H (about five times the terrestrial value). These igneous phases do not directly reflect the D/H ratios of martian ''magmatic'' water but provide evidence for a D-enriched martian crustal water reservoir.