REACTIVITIES OF HYPOCHLOROUS AND HYPOBROMOUS ACID, CHLORINE MONOXIDE, HYPOBROMOUS ACIDIUM ION, CHLORINE, BROMINE, AND BROMINE CHLORIDE IN ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC-SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS WITH P-XYLENE IN WATER

被引：74

作者：

VOUDRIAS, EA ^{[1
]}

REINHARD, M ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY | 1988年 / 22卷 / 09期

关键词：

Acids - Aromatic Compounds--Chemical Reactions - Bromine Compounds - Chlorine Compounds - Water--Chemical Reactions;

D O I：

10.1021/es00174a009

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Rate laws for halogenation of electrophilic p-xylene (RH) to RX (X=Cl or Br) were determined in dilute solutions of aqueous chlorine and bromine at 20°C in the pH range 2.5-7.5 and at ionic strength 0.1 M. For the electrophiles (X-Y), BrCl, Cl2, Cl2O, Br2, and HOBr, disappearance of RH was found to follow a second-order rate equation given in the paper. Specific rate constant characteristics are discussed. A third-order term was identified for the acid-catalyzed bromination with HOBr.

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页码：1049 / 1056

页数：8

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