INFLUENCE OF AGRICULTURAL COUNTERMEASURES ON THE RATIO OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL FORMS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN SOIL AND SOIL SOLUTION

被引:55
作者
KONOPLEV, AV [1 ]
VIKTOROVA, NV [1 ]
VIRCHENKO, EP [1 ]
POPOV, VE [1 ]
BULGAKOV, AA [1 ]
DESMET, GM [1 ]
机构
[1] COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,RADIAT PROTECT PROGRAMME,B-1049 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM
关键词
CHERNOBYL; SR-90; CESIUM-137; SPECIATION; TRANSFORMATION; COUNTERMEASURES;
D O I
10.1016/0048-9697(93)90383-H
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The bioavailability of radionuclides derived from the Chernobyl accident is discussed in terms of their speciation in soils. A scheme representing transformation processes of different chemical forms of these radionuclides in soil and soil solution is proposed. The rate constants of the main transformation processes were obtained experimentally. Various agrochemical countermeasures are evaluated in terms of their influence on the ratio of different radionuclide forms in soil and soil solution. The influence of soil characteristics on the potential effectiveness of countermeasures is discussed. Practically all agrochemical countermeasures currently in use have positive and negative effects. The most effective countermeasures for radiocaesium and radiostrontium were liming of the soil and the application of potassium containing fertilisers at elevated rates.
引用
收藏
页码:147 / 162
页数:16
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