SONIC BANDS, BANDGAPS, AND DEFECT STATES IN LAYERED STRUCTURES - THEORY AND EXPERIMENT

The propagation of sound through a one-dimensional periodic array of water and perspex plates is studied theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that the passbands and stop bands of a scatterer with a finite number of layers correspond to the bands and bandgaps of an infinite “sonic bandgap crystal.” The transmission coefficient of various finite structures is computed and measured as a function of frequency. The analogy with the electronic bandstructure of crystals, and the photonic bandstructure of macroscopic periodic dielectric structures, is found to be a close one. It is shown that the position and width of passbands can easily be engineered. Results are included for a finite “crystal” with a vacancy defect, in which a narrow passband appears in each of the stop bands. © 1995, Acoustical Society of America. All rights reserved.