Infection of cattle with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) occurs frequently. The outcome of BVDV infection is a wide range of clinical manifestations. The form of clinical disease observed depends on the agent, host, and environmental factors, as well as interaction of these factors. The clinical manifestations are reviewed in terms of BVDV infection in animals that are immunocompetent to BVDV, fetal infections, and cattle that are immunotolerant to BVDV.