HATCHING AND DEVELOPMENT OF RANGELAND GRASSHOPPERS (ORTHOPTERA, ACRIDIDAE) IN RELATION TO FORAGE GROWTH, TEMPERATURE, AND PRECIPITATION

被引:34
作者
HEWITT, GB
机构
[1] Rangeland Insect Laboratory, FR, SEA, USDA, Bozeman, 59717, MT
关键词
D O I
10.1093/ee/8.1.24
中图分类号
Q96 [昆虫学];
学科分类号
摘要
Sampling of a grasshopper (Acndidae) population weekly during the summer months of 1975, 1976, and 1977 showed that hatching began when the soil temperature (one cm below the surface) was above 15.6°C for a total of at least 200 h and when the degree hours (number of degrees each hour that the soil temperature exceeded 15.6°C) totaled 2466. Grasshopper density decreased from 1975-77. In 1975 Melanoplus sanguinipes (F.) totaled 53% of the number collected; in 1976 and 1977', Amphitornus coloradus (Thomas) was most abundant and comprised 23% and 30%, respectively, of the population. Grasshoppers became active at surface temperatures (5 cm above ground) of 13°-16°C, and feeding began at 21°C. Threeyr averages showed the surface temperatures remained above 21°C for 12 h each day in July, 10 h in August, and 8 h in Sept. Seasonal growth, including seed set, of 3 grass species (western wheatgrass-needleandthread-prairie junegrass) was mostly completed before grasshoppers developed to the damaging stage (4th and 5th instars and adults). Clipping studies snowed that grass and forb production decreased from 1473 kg/ha in 1975 to 503 kg/ha in 1977 and was directly correlated with spring and summer precipitation. Forage lost to grasshoppers was estimated at 235 kg/ha in 1975, 226 kg/ha in 1976, and none in 1977. © 1979 Entomological Society of America.
引用
收藏
页码:24 / 29
页数:6
相关论文
共 24 条
[1]   SEASONAL LOSSES IN RANGELAND VEGETATION DUE TO GRASSHOPPERS [J].
ANDERSON, NL .
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, 1961, 54 (02) :369-&
[2]  
ANDERSON NL, 1952, 486 MONT AGR EXP STN
[3]  
ANDERSON NORMAN L., 1964, ANN ENTOMOL SOC AMER, V57, P736, DOI 10.1093/aesa/57.6.736
[4]   ENERGY DYNAMICS OF ENCOPTOLOPHUS-SORDIDUS-COSTALIS (SCUDDER) (ORTHOPTERA-ACRIDIDAE) IN A GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM [J].
BAILEY, CG ;
RIEGERT, PW .
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE, 1973, 51 (01) :91-100
[5]   PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR SEASONAL OCCURRENCE OF 3 GRASSHOPPER SPECIES IN SASKATCHEWAN (ORTHOPTERA-ACRIDIDAE) [J].
GAGE, SH ;
MUKERJI, MK ;
RANDELL, RL .
CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 1976, 108 (03) :245-253
[6]  
HINKLE GA, 1938, THESIS COL ST U
[7]  
McWILLIAMS JESSE L., 1960, JOUR RANGE MANAGEMENT, V13, P91, DOI 10.2307/3895132
[8]   ROLE OF GRASSHOPPERS IN A SHORTGRASS PRAIRIE ECOSYSTEM [J].
MITCHELL, JE ;
PFADT, RE .
ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY, 1974, 3 (02) :358-360
[9]  
MORTON FA, 1936, USDA BEPQ MIMEO REP
[10]  
MORTON FA, 1939, USDA BEPQ MIMEO REP