EFFECTS OF COPPER ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF PLANT RESIDUES, MICROBIAL BIOMASS, AND BETA-GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY IN SOILS

Two types of soils (Brown Lowland soil and Ando soil), which were artificially enriched with different amounts of Cu, were incubated with or without pulverized orchard grass for 12 weeks at 25-degrees-C. For both soils with and without orchard grass amendment, the amount of CO2 evolved over the 12-week period of incubation decreased by the enrichment with Cu at a concentration exceeding 1,000 mg kg-1 soil. The decrease of the mineralization of added orchard grass in the Cu-enriched soil was conspicuous especially during the initial period of incubation. The amount of microbial biomass C at the end of the incubation was significantly reduced by the Cu enrichment regardless of the amendment with orchard grass. The relative decrease of the soil microbial biomass was much greater than that of the soil respiration. The amount of biomass C was negatively correlated with the amount of 0.1 m CaCl2-extractable Cu as a logarithmic function. On the other hand, the beta-glucosidase activity at the end of the incubation was not significantly affected by the presence of Cu in the soils without orchard grass amendment and increased with the increase in the amount of enriched Cu in the orchard grass-amended soils.