AN INTEGRATION AND REPRISE - WHAT WE THINK WE HAVE LEARNED

This article summarizes and contrasts the three standard-setting methods described in this special issue: judgmental policy capturing, the extended Angoff method, and the dominant profile method. An integrative summary of findings is presented, followed by conclusions concerning the relative efficacy and utility of the three methods. The article concludes with recommendations for modifying the methods and for further investigations of their psychometric properties.