FROST ACTION IN CLAY SOILS .2. ICE AND WATER LOCATION AND SUCTION OF UNFROZEN WATER IN CLAYS BELOW 0-DEGREES-C

被引:18
作者
BROWN, SC
PAYNE, D
机构
[1] Department of Soil Science, Reading, RGI 5AQ, London Road
来源
JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE | 1990年 / 41卷 / 04期
关键词
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1990.tb00225.x
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
The relation between temperature, unfrozen water content (UWC) and shrinkage of a number of clays, and the distribution of ice and water within the clays, was studied. The clays included sodium and calcium Wyoming bentonites, < 1 μm and 1–2 μm kaolinite and three English subsoil clays. On freezing blocks of these clays (initial size up to approximately 1 cm3) over a period of months, they shrank progressively with reduction in temperature studied except for the < 1 μm and 1–2 μm kaolinites, which ceased shrinking at – 0.24°C and – 0.73°C respectively. During shrinkage, the water in the clay blocks migrated to freeze outside the blocks where ice was already nucleated. After equilibration for a month at – 0.19°C and at – 0.73°C, the water contents of the finer clays, excluding ice bands, equalled the UWCs measured previously using a differential scanning calorimeter. Two stages of ice formation were apparent in the curves of UWC vs temperature and were attributed to the different locations of the ice in the clays. Initially, ice formed in bands outside the clay matrix, accompanied by clay shrinkage (Stage 1). After a shrinkage limit had been reached ice began to form within the pores of the clay (Stage 2). Comparisons of the results of these freezing experiments with conventional moisture‐release curves showed that the suction of the unfrozen water in clays was, within experimental error, as predicted by the Schofield equation. Results are also discussed in terms of ice‐water and air‐water interfacial tensions. Copyright © 1990, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved
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页码:547 / 561
页数:15
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