PCDD PCDF IN COWS MILK IN RELATION TO THEIR LEVELS IN GRASS AND SOIL

被引:26
作者
FURST, P
KRAUSE, GHM
HEIN, D
DELSCHEN, T
WILMERS, K
机构
[1] LANDESANSTALT IMMISSIONSSCHUTZ NRW,W-4300 ESSEN,GERMANY
[2] LANDSCHAFTSENTWICKLUNG & FORSTPLANUNG,LANDESANSTALT OKOL,W-4000 DUSSELDORF 1,GERMANY
关键词
D O I
10.1016/0045-6535(93)90229-X
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Three surveys were conducted to better know the factors which influence the PCDD/PCDF levels in cow's milk. These investigations comprised analyses of cow's milk, soil and grass at different sampling sites. The results show that the contamination levels in soil do not influence the PCDD/PCDF levels in cow's milk as is often suspected. Even soil levels up to 30 pg l-TEq/g dry matter did not result in elevated PCDD/PCDF levels in cow's milk. On the other hand, with increasing levels in grass a tendency to slightly higher levels in milk could be observed. These data seem to indicate that the pathway air - grass - cow is more important than the pathway soil - grass - cow. Moreover, it became apparent that the carryover factors (COF) for PCDD/PCDF between grass and milk differ significantly dependent on the congeners. While 2,3,7,8-T4CDD showed the highest carryover factor, OCDD was accumulated less by a factor of almost 40. The relative ratio of these factors for each congener concerned was very similar at all sampling sites._However, the absolute height differed to a certain degree. The results of these investigations demonstrate that it is inappropiate to establish maximum contamination limits for soil or grass based on toxic equivalents in order to reduce the PCDD/PCDF levels in cow's milk since the bioaccumulation of these contaminants is highly dependent on the congeners. Risk assessment should therefore be made on a congener specific basis so that the PCDD/PCDF transfer between the media soil - grass - cow or air - grass - cow is neither over- nor underestimated for each compartment.
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页码:1349 / 1357
页数:9
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