HONEY BEES - PHOTORECEPTORS PARTICIPATING IN ORIENTATION BEHAVIOR TO LIGHT AND GRAVITY

The ability of honey bees to dance compromise directions when confronted with conflicting light and gravity references was used to determine their spectral sensitivity. The action spectrum has peaks at 450 nm and 550 nm and thus indicates the contributions of the blue and green receptors of the bees' compound eyes. There is no obvious contribution from the UV receptors. The dance directions indicate that blue and yellow-green light is regarded as sunlight. UV light seems not to be so interpreted, though it clearly influences the bees' orientation to gravity, if it is polarized. This result is consistent with our earlier findings which demonstrated that the bees' 350 nm receptors are used as detectors of blue skylight rather than sunlight. Because the receptor contributions differ, there is a clear distinction between the sun compass behaviour apparent in the dances and the phototaxis responses observed in other contexts. © 1979 Springer-Verlag.