ACCURACY OF JUDGING TIME TO ARRIVAL - EFFECTS OF MODALITY, TRAJECTORY, AND GENDER

被引:280
作者
SCHIFF, W
OLDAK, R
机构
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0096-1523.16.2.303
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Observers' accuracy in using time-to-arrival (Ta) information was examined in 4 experiments. The issues included use of visual vs. acoustic Ta information, use of acoustic Ta information by blind Ss, use of Ta information controlling for velocity, and effects of angle of approach and arrival time on judgment accuracy. Visual information was used more efficiently than audiovisual and auditory information. Blind Ss used acoustical approach information as accurately as sighted Ss used visual information. Radial, oblique, and transverse orientations were used to examine effects of approach trajectory. Radial events were underestimated, whereas the more accurate transverse approach was likely to be overestimated. Oblique angle events yielded intermediate accuracies implying a spatiotemporal anisotropy. Women underestimated Ta more than did men. Possible reasons for Ss' judgment accuracy, including linear vs. nonlinear optical changes and relation to spatial skills and experience, were discussed.
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页码:303 / 316
页数:14
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