ALLEVIATING SOIL FERTILITY CONSTRAINTS TO INCREASED CROP PRODUCTION IN WEST AFRICA - THE EXPERIENCE IN THE SAHEL

被引:68
作者
BATIONO, A
MOKWUNYE, AU
机构
[1] IFDC-Afrique, Lomé
来源
FERTILIZER RESEARCH | 1991年 / 29卷 / 01期
关键词
SEMIARID WEST AFRICA; SAHEL; SOIL FERTILITY; FERTILIZERS; ON-FARM EVALUATION;
D O I
10.1007/BF01048992
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Lack of moisture limits crop production in semi-arid west Africa but poor soil fertility is a more serious constraint in the long run. Work done by IFDC and ICRISAT showed that phosphorus is the most limiting nutrient although response by millet to nitrogen when moisture and P are non-limiting can be substantial. A summary of the results of field trials in Niger showed that the sufficiency level for P estimated by regression analysis on the basis of Bray 1 extractable P is 7.9-mu-g P/g of soil for 90% of maximum yield of millet. Application of 15-20 kg P/ha was usually adequate for optimum yields. Matam phosphate rock (PR) from Senegal, Tilemsi PR from Mali and Tahoua PR from Niger which are medium reactive were found to be suitable for direct application while partial acidulation (50% with sulfuric acid) of the less reactive phosphate rocks resulted in products with similar agronomic effectiveness as commercial superphosphates. Tests conducted by farmers showed that millet yields can be increased by more than 250% by the use of fertilizers. The need for constant monitoring of the crop needs for sulfur and potassium under continuous cultivation was highlighted.
引用
收藏
页码:95 / 115
页数:21
相关论文
共 38 条
[1]  
Agboola A.A., Oko B.D.F., An attempt to evaluate plant available P in Western Nigeria soil under shifting cultivation, Agron J, 69, pp. 798-801, (1976)
[2]  
Bationo A., Mokwunye A.U., Baanante C.A., Agronomic Evaluation of alternative fertilizer sources in Niger, Appropriate technologies for farmers in Semi-Arid West Africa, (1985)
[3]  
Bationo A., Mughogho S.K., Mokwunye, Agronomic evaluation of phospate fertilizers in Tropical Africa, Management of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers in Sub-Saharan Africa, (1986)
[4]  
Bationo A., Chien S.H., Mokwunye A.U., Chemical characteristics and agronomic values of some phosphate rocks in West Africa, Food grain production in Semi-Arid Africa, (1987)
[5]  
Charreau C., Vidal P., Influence de l'Acacia Albida Del sur la nutrition minérale et rendements des mils pennisetum au Senegal, Agron trop, 20, pp. 600-626, (1965)
[6]  
Chien S.H., Hammond L.L., A comparison of various laboratory methods for predicting the agronomic potential of phosphate rock for direct application, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 42, pp. 935-939, (1978)
[7]  
Dancette C., Water requirements of millet in Senegal Adaptation in the Semi-Arid Tropics, Agron Trop, 38, pp. 267-293, (1983)
[8]  
Diamond R.B., Views on marketing of phosphate rock for direct application. Haifa, Israel, March 20–23, 1978, pp. 448-463, (1979)
[9]  
Dugue P., Soil preparation in the Sudan-Sahelian zone: Prospects and constraints, Appropriate technologies for farmers in Semi-Arid West Africa, (1985)
[10]  
Fox R.L., Kamprath E.J., Phosphate sorption isotherm for evaluating the P requirements of soils, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 34, pp. 902-907, (1970)