SMOKING CESSATION IN RELATION TO TOTAL MORTALITY-RATES IN WOMEN - A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

被引:202
作者
KAWACHI, I
COLDITZ, GA
STAMPFER, MJ
WILLETT, WC
MANSON, JE
ROSNER, B
HUNTER, DJ
HENNEKENS, CH
SPEIZER, FE
机构
[1] HARVARD UNIV, BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP, SCH MED, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA
[2] HARVARD UNIV, SCH PUBL HLTH, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA
关键词
SMOKING CESSATION; MORTALITY; WOMENS HEALTH; SMOKING;
D O I
10.7326/0003-4819-119-10-199311150-00005
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Objective: To examine the temporal relationship between stopping smoking and total mortality rates among middle-aged women. Design: Prospective cohort study with 12 years of follow-up. Setting: Registered nurses residing in the United States. Participants: 117 001 female registered nurses, ages 30 to 55 years, who were free of manifest coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer (except nonmelanoma skin cancer) in 1976. Main Outcome Measures: Total mortality, further categorized into deaths from cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and violent deaths. Results: A total of 2847 deaths (933 among ''never smokers,'' 799 among former smokers, and 1115 among current smokers) occurred during 1.37 million person-years of follow-up. The multivariate relative risks for total mortality compared with never smokers were 1.87 (95% CI, 1.65 to 2.13) for current smokers and 1.29 (CI, 1.14 to 1.46) for former smokers. Participants who started smoking before the age of 15 years had the highest risks for total mortality (multivariate relative risk, 3.15; CI, 2.16 to 4.59), cardiovascular disease mortality (relative risk, 9.94; Cl, 5.15 to 19.19), and deaths from external causes of injury (relative risk, 5.39; CI, 1.84 to 15.78). Compared with continuing smokers, former smokers had a 24% reduction in risk for cardiovascular disease mortality within 2 years of quitting. The excess risks for total mortality and both cardiovascular disease and total cancer mortality among former smokers approached the level of that for never smokers after 10 to 14 years of abstinence. The health benefits of cessation were clearly present regardless of the age at starting and daily number of cigarettes smoked. Conclusions: The risk of cigarette smoking on total mortality among former smokers decreases nearly to that of never smokers 10 to 14 years after cessation.
引用
收藏
页码:992 / 1000
页数:9
相关论文
共 34 条
  • [1] DEPRESSION AND THE DYNAMICS OF SMOKING - A NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
    ANDA, RF
    WILLIAMSON, DF
    ESCOBEDO, LG
    MAST, EE
    GIOVINO, GA
    REMINGTON, PL
    [J]. JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 1990, 264 (12): : 1541 - 1545
  • [2] A METAANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY IN THE PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART-DISEASE
    BERLIN, JA
    COLDITZ, GA
    [J]. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 1990, 132 (04) : 612 - 628
  • [3] BEST E. W. R., 1961, Canadian Journal of Public Health, V52, P99
  • [4] THE INFLUENCE OF AGE, RELATIVE WEIGHT, SMOKING, AND ALCOHOL INTAKE ON THE REPRODUCIBILITY OF A DIETARY QUESTIONNAIRE
    COLDITZ, GA
    WILLETT, WC
    STAMPFER, MJ
    SAMPSON, L
    ROSNER, B
    HENNEKENS, CH
    SPEIZER, FE
    [J]. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 1987, 16 (03) : 392 - 398
  • [5] COLDITZ GA, 1992, J SMOKING RELATED DI, V3, P145
  • [6] MORTALITY IN RELATION TO SMOKING - 20 YEARS OBSERVATIONS ON MALE BRITISH DOCTORS
    DOLL, R
    PETO, R
    [J]. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 1976, 2 (6051) : 1525 - 1536
  • [7] LUNG CANCER AND OTHER CAUSES OF DEATH IN RELATION TO SMOKING - A 2ND REPORT ON THE MORTALITY OF BRITISH DOCTORS
    DOLL, R
    HILL, AB
    [J]. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 1956, 2 (NOV10) : 1071 - 1081
  • [8] MORTALITY IN RELATION TO SMOKING - 22 YEARS OBSERVATIONS ON FEMALE BRITISH DOCTORS
    DOLL, R
    GRAY, R
    HAFNER, B
    PETO, R
    [J]. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 1980, 280 (6219) : 967 - 971
  • [9] LUNG-CANCER MORTALITY EXPERIENCE OF MEN IN CERTAIN OCCUPATIONS IN CALIFORNIA
    DUNN, JE
    LINDEN, G
    BRESLOW, L
    [J]. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE NATIONS HEALTH, 1960, 50 (10): : 1475 - 1487
  • [10] GIOVANNUCCI E, 1991, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V133, P810