DEBILITATED SHOCK ESCAPE IS PRODUCED BY BOTH SHORT-DURATION AND LONG-DURATION INESCAPABLE SHOCK - LEARNED HELPLESSNESS VS LEARNED INACTIVITY

Inescapable shocks of short (.5 sec) and long (5 sec) duration interfered with subsequent shock escape in rats. In addition, there were no differences between groups that received the pretreatment shocks and testing in the same or different apparatuses. These results are consistent with the learned helplessness account but conflict with recent learned inactivity accounts for the interference effects produced by inescapable shocks. © 1979, The Psychonomic Society, Inc.. All rights reserved.