Temperature assessment has proven valuable in detecting areas of inflammation in the insensitive limb. Monitoring the inflammatory response to the stresses of footwear and walking has worked as a 'pain substitute'. In conjunction with other evaluation methods, the results of temperature assessment can be used to reduce the incidence of injury and ulceration in the insensitive foot. A review of principles and methods, a presentation of a case study, and a discussion elaborate upon the concepts of temperature assessment.