LEAD CONTAMINATION IN SURFICIAL SEDIMENTS FROM NEWARK BAY, NEW-JERSEY

Concentrations of lead were determined in surficial sediments collected from 18 locations throughout the Newark Bay, New Jersey estuary. Measured concentrations ranged from 64 mg/kg to 2.5 g/kg (dry weight). In addition, a more intensive sampling effort was conducted in two wetland areas along the Hackensack River. In these areas, concentrations ranged from 25 to 704 mg/kg. The results of these sampling efforts were compared to data from previous studies to characterize temporal trends of lead contamination. Possible sources of lead were identified based on the observed distributions. The potential for adverse effects to fish and shellfish was evaluated based on comparisons to available benchmark sediment quality criteria and toxicity guidelines. The results of this study were found to be similar to previous investigations. Concentrations of lead measured in all reaches of the estuary were found to exceed sediment quality criteria (>250 mg/kg) and predicted toxic effects values (>110 mg/kg). The highest lead concentrations in the estuary were located adjacent to petroleum refineries, paint and pigment formulating plants, and other industrial areas. These results indicate that lead contamination of surficial sediments in Newark Bay may pose a significant threat to aquatic biota.