MINIATURIZED GLUCOSE SENSORS BASED ON ELECTROCHEMICAL CODEPOSITION OF RHODIUM AND GLUCOSE-OXIDASE ONTO CARBON-FIBER ELECTRODES

The development of amperometric glucose electrodes continues to receive considerable attention.1, 2 Miniaturized glucose sensors are particularly attractive in connection with various ex-vivo and in-vivo clinical applications, including measurements of glucose in extremely small volumes or monitoring of localized events. The needs and challenges of miniaturizing glucose sensors have been discussed recently.3, 4 Common chemical and physical enzyme immobilization schemes are usually not suitable for the microfabrication of miniaturized glucose sensors. New immobilization methods, specifically aimed at producing glucose microsensors, include the use of an ink jet nozzle, 5 silicon oxide deposited gold microelectrode6 or the entrapment of glucose oxidase (GOx) in electrochemically deposited platinum black particles.7 The entrapment of GOx within electropolymerized films8, 9 can also address the encapsulation, reproducibility, and mass production needs. In addition, high surface area devices, based on platinized platinum electrodes, have been developed in connection with the nonenzymatic sensing of glucose.10. © 1992, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.