MONOMERIC AND CLUSTER STATES OF WATER-MOLECULES IN ORGANIC-SOLVENT

Measurements of the H-1-NMR chemical shifts and their temperature dependence have disclosed that sparingly soluble water is monomeric at room temperature in hydrophobic solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride, benzene, chloroform, and that some water clusters are formed even in dilute solution in the apolar and slightly polar solvents at low temperatures, controlled by energy instead of entropy.