GENOTYPIC AND DROUGHT-INDUCED DIFFERENCES IN CARBON ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION AND GAS-EXCHANGE OF COWPEA

被引:47
作者
HALL, AE [1 ]
MUTTERS, RG [1 ]
FARQUHAR, GD [1 ]
机构
[1] AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH BIOL SCI,PLANT ENVIRONM BIOL GRP,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA
关键词
D O I
10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183X003200010002x
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Carbon isotope composition may be useful for selection in plant breeding. Theory predicts that C-13 discrimination (DELTA) by leaves can be associated with the ratio of photosynthesis (as indicated by CO2 assimilation rate, A) to leaf conductance (g) to diffusion of water vapor or CO2. In earlier studies with a cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) mutant and parent, drought-induced differences in DELTA were associated with expected differences in A/g based on theory, whereas genotypic differences in DELTA were not. Studies were conducted for 2 yr with a broader range of genotypes to determine whether these conclusions are generally valid. Eighteen cowpea accessions were grown under weekly irrigation or stored soil moisture in four randomized split blocks at Riverside, CA, in 1987. Twelve of these cowpea accessions were studied under similar conditions in 1988. Gas exchange measurements were made of A and leaf conductance to water vapor (g(h)), and leaves were sampled for DELTA. Significant drought-induced reduction in DELTA of 1.6 x 10(-3) was observed and an increase in A/g of 42% which is similar to the value (36%) predicted based upon the change in DELTA. The drought-induced increase in A/g was due to substantial decreases in g(h), which more than compensated for a 59% reduction in A. Genotypic differences in DELTA of up to 2 x 10(-3) were observed which were predicted to be associated with 43% higher A/g; however, genotypic differences in A/g were small, and genotypic means of A/g and DELTA were not associated as expected based on theory. Genotypic differences in DELTA were more consistent than differences in A/g, A, or g(h), and should be easier to select in breeding, but the physiological basis for the genotypic differences in DELTA has not been elucidated for cowpea.
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页码:1 / 6
页数:6
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