PHASE-EQUILIBRIUM DATA ON CARBON-DIOXIDE HYDRATE IN THE PRESENCE OF ELECTROLYTES, WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS AND MONTMORILLONITE

Equilibrium formation conditions for carbon dioxide hydrate were measured in pure water and in aqueous polymer and electrolyte solutions. The solutions that were used include: polyethylene oxide, partially (10 and 90 percent) hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, sodium chloride and calcium chloride. Experiments with solutions containing both electrolyte and polymers were also performed. It was found that the electrolytes exhibited a substantial inhibiting effect whereas the polymers only slightly altered the equilibrium hydrate formation conditions. The measured equilibrium formation pressures were compared with the predictions from existing hydrate equilibria methods and were found to be in good agreement. The effect of montmorillonite was also studied and it was found that it did not affect the equilibrium hydrate formation conditions. A total of 101 experimental measurements are reported.