THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION OF NITRATE ESTERS

被引:99
作者
HISKEY, MA [1 ]
BROWER, KR [1 ]
OXLEY, JC [1 ]
机构
[1] NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,SOCORRO,NM 87801
关键词
D O I
10.1021/j100163a013
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Rates of thermal decomposition and solvent rate effects have been measured for a series of nitrate esters. The alkoxy radicals formed by homolysis together with some of their further degradation products have been stabilized by hydrogen donation. Internal and external return of nitrogen dioxide have been demonstrated by solvent cage effects and isotope exchange. Radical-stabilizing substituents favor beta-scission. Dinitrates in a 1,5 relationship behave as isolated mononitrates. Dinitrates in a 1,3 or 1,4 relationship exhibit intramolecular reactions. Tertiary nitrate esters in diethyl ether undergo elimination rather than homolysis.
引用
收藏
页码:3955 / 3960
页数:6
相关论文
共 24 条
[1]   THE HOMOGENEOUS DECOMPOSITION OF ETHYL NITRATE [J].
ADAMS, GK ;
BAWN, CEH .
TRANSACTIONS OF THE FARADAY SOCIETY, 1949, 45 (05) :494-499
[2]  
BAKER JW, 1954, CHEM IND-LONDON, P464
[3]   KINETICS AND PRESSURE EFFECT IN THE THERMOLYSIS OF LIQUID BIBENZYL [J].
BROWER, KR .
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 1980, 45 (06) :1004-1008
[4]  
Colson R., 1948, MEM POUDRES, V30, P43
[5]   EPOXIDATION OF SIMPLE ALLENES - ROLE OF CYCLOPROPANONES AS REACTIVE INTERMEDIATES [J].
CRANDALL, JK ;
MACHLEDE.WH ;
SOJKA, SA .
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 1973, 38 (06) :1149-1154
[6]  
DAVIS TL, 1943, CHEM POWDER EXPLOSIV, P279
[7]   PYROLYSIS OF ISOPROPYL NITRATE .2. DECOMPOSITION AT HIGH-TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES [J].
GRIFFITHS, JF ;
GILLIGAN, MF ;
GRAY, P .
COMBUSTION AND FLAME, 1976, 26 (03) :385-393
[8]   PYROLYSIS OF ISOPROPYL NITRATE .1. DECOMPOSITION AT LOW-TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES [J].
GRIFFITHS, JF ;
GILLIGAN, MF ;
GRAY, P .
COMBUSTION AND FLAME, 1975, 24 (01) :11-19
[9]  
HISKEY MA, 1989, J ENERG MATER, V7, P199
[10]   THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF NITRATE ESTERS .1. ETHYL NITRATE [J].
LEVY, JB .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 1954, 76 (12) :3254-3257