A FOLLOW-UP-STUDY OF DIABETIC OKLAHOMA INDIANS - MORTALITY AND CAUSES OF DEATH

OBJECTIVE- To determine the mortality rates and causes of death for diabetic Oklahoma Indian adults by sex and age. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- This was a cohort follow-up study with baseline examination between 1972-1980 and the mortality follow-up between 1986 and 1989. Mean follow-up time was 10 +/- 4 yr. A quasirandom sample of 1012 (379 men and 633 women) NIDDM American Indians in Oklahoma was performed. Mean age was 52 yr and duration was 7 yr at baseline. Mean degree of Indian blood was 92% (77% full blood). At follow-up, 548 (54%) were alive, 452 (45%) were deceased, and 12 (1%) could not be traced, RESULTS- Death certificates were obtained and coded (ICD-9) for 439 (97%) of the deceased. Mean annual mortality rates were 4.99% for men and 4.17% for women, with an increasing trend with age for both sexes. Compared with the general population of Oklahoma, the observed/expected ratios for number of deaths were 2.92 for men and 4.09 for women (P < 0.0001). The three leading causes of death were circulatory disease (38%), diabetes (24%), and malignant neoplasms (12%). CONCLUSIONS- There is an excessively high mortality among diabetic Oklahoma Indians compared with the general population in the state and with diabetic patients in other populations.