A RATIONAL APPROACH TO RISK ASSESSMENT REQUIRES THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION - AN ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM (NTP), FINAL REPORT OF THE ADVISORY REVIEW BY THE NTP BOARD OF SCIENTIFIC COUNSELORS

被引:26
作者
GOODMAN, JI
机构
[1] Department of Pharmacol and Toxicology, Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing
关键词
D O I
10.1006/rtph.1994.1005
中图分类号
DF [法律]; D9 [法律]; R [医药、卫生];
学科分类号
0301 ; 10 ;
摘要
The National Toxicology Program (NTP) Board of Scientific Counselors met on April 14 and 15, 1992 to review the NTP. This paper provides an overview of the Board′s Report with an emphasis on the recommendations made by the Carcinogenesis Working Group. The prime overall recommendation is that the NTP should move from a focus on hazard identification to an emphasis on providing the type of biological information that needs to be incorporated into the risk assessment process. This would involve a hypothesis-driven mechanism of action approach aimed at understanding the basis for the actions of the chemicals of interest. Relevant examples are provided. Scientists from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences′ (NIEHS) intramural program and those outside of NIEHS should be included in the research effort. This strategy would permit a more rational approach toward both test development and design (e.g., selection of the high dose to be employed), and the interpretation of test results (e.g., addressing questions pertaining to dose-response relationships and species to species extrapolation). The overall goal would be to provide a reasonable assessment of the possible hazard that a chemical might pose to people in light of realistic conditions of exposure. © 1994 Academic Press. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:51 / 59
页数:9
相关论文
共 22 条
[1]  
AMES BN, 1990, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V87, P772
[2]   DEFINITIVE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE, CARCINOGENICITY AND MUTAGENICITY FOR 301 CHEMICALS TESTED BY THE UNITED-STATES NTP [J].
ASHBY, J ;
TENNANT, RW .
MUTATION RESEARCH, 1991, 257 (03) :229-306
[3]   THYMOCYTE APOPTOSIS INDUCED BY P53-DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT PATHWAYS [J].
CLARKE, AR ;
PURDIE, CA ;
HARRISON, DJ ;
MORRIS, RG ;
BIRD, CC ;
HOOPER, ML ;
WYLLIE, AH .
NATURE, 1993, 362 (6423) :849-852
[4]   CELL-PROLIFERATION IN CARCINOGENESIS [J].
COHEN, SM ;
ELLWEIN, LB .
SCIENCE, 1990, 249 (4972) :1007-1011
[5]  
DIETRICH DR, 1991, CANCER RES, V51, P3512
[6]   OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING TECHNIQUES FOR INTERSPECIES EXTRAPOLATION IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS [J].
GIBSON, JE ;
STARR, TB .
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, 1988, 77 :99-105
[7]   HYPOMETHYLATION OF DNA - A POSSIBLE NONGENOTOXIC MECHANISM UNDERLYING THE ROLE OF CELL-PROLIFERATION IN CARCINOGENESIS [J].
GOODMAN, JI ;
COUNTS, JL .
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, 1993, 101 :169-172
[8]   MOUSE-LIVER CARCINOGENESIS - MECHANISMS AND RELEVANCE [J].
GOODMAN, JI ;
WARD, JM ;
POPP, JA ;
KLAUNIG, JE ;
FOX, TR .
FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY, 1991, 17 (04) :651-665
[9]  
GOODMAN JI, 1990, IN VITRO TOXICOL, V3, P1
[10]   ISSUES IN CARCINOGENICITY TESTING - DOSE SELECTION [J].
HASEMAN, JK .
FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY, 1985, 5 (01) :66-78