RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR CONVENTIONAL BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS AND TRANSGENIC PLANTS IN AUSTRALIAN SUMMER FIELD CROPS

被引:13
作者
FORRESTER, NW
机构
[1] NSW Agriculture, Australian Cotton Research Institute, Narrabri
关键词
BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS; HELICOVERPA SPP; RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT; TRANSGENIC PLANTS;
D O I
10.1080/09583159409355368
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Conventional Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is being increasingly used for control of Helicoverpa spp. in Australian cotton. Five years ago, the annual useage of Bt in cotton was less than 1O 000 l. It is now about 200 000 l but still represents only about 0.5 of a spray in cotton which normally receives 6-8 conventional insecticide sprays for Helicoverpa control each season. Bt use in other field crops has been minimal. The present risk for development of resistance to Bt in Helicoverpa spp, is, therefore, low. However any increased use of conventional Bt on cotton or extended registrations to alternative Helicoverpa host crops could increase the risk significantly. Susceptible bioassay baselines and discriminating doses for conventional Bt on both H. armigera and H. punctigera are currently being established. The aim is to assess the natural variability in bioassay response (diet incorporation technique using early third instars) in a number of strains of both species from a number of geographical areas. This will allow monitoring of the impact of increased Bt use and/or the introduction of transgenic cotton on potential resistance problems. The ecology of H. armigera and H. punctigera is discussed in this paper, particularly in relation to the differential resistance risk of the two species where H. punctigera essentially 'manages its own resistance'. This is extended to the development of a possible resistance management strategy for H. armigera on transgenic cotton which will rely on continual dilution of rare resistant mutants by large numbers of unsprayed susceptibles allowed to breed in designated refugia areas. This high-dose/high-immigration resistance management approach will essentially maintain resistant H. armigera individuals as rare, hopefully functionally recessive heterozygotes. Two other factors will be critical for the success of this strategy. (1) strains of conventional Bt with different toxin profiles (e.g. Bt subsp. aizawai) should be used on non-transgenic alternative crop hosts of H. armigera (e.g. sorghum, sunflowers, grain legumes, maize, tomatoes and oilseeds), and (2) development of transgenic alternative crop hosts of H. armigera (especially sorghum and maize) should concentrate on toxins other than those from Bt.
引用
收藏
页码:549 / 553
页数:5
相关论文
共 8 条
[1]   NECESSITY OF CONTROLLING LEVEL OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN INSECT POPULATIONS [J].
BENSON, RL .
BIOSCIENCE, 1971, 21 (23) :1160-+
[2]  
FORRESTER NW, 1993, B ENTOMOL RES, pR1
[3]   USE OF BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS IN INTEGRATED CONTROL, ESPECIALLY ON COTTON PESTS [J].
FORRESTER, NW .
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 1994, 49 (01) :77-83
[4]   DESIGNING, IMPLEMENTING AND SERVICING AN INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY [J].
FORRESTER, NW .
PESTICIDE SCIENCE, 1990, 28 (02) :167-179
[5]  
FORRESTER NW, 1994, WORLD COTTON RES C B, V1
[6]  
ROUSH RT, 1994, BIOTECHNOLOGY INTEGR
[7]  
SHAW AJ, 1993, 151680 NEW S WAL AGR
[8]  
1993, MANAGEMENT RESISTANT