ABOLITION OF SELECTIVITY OF 2 MYCOHERBICIDAL ORGANISMS AND ENHANCED VIRULENCE OF AVIRULENT FUNGI BY AN INVERT EMULSION

被引:40
作者
AMSELLEM, Z
SHARON, A
GRESSEL, J
机构
关键词
RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; IMMUNOAUTORADIOGRAPHY;
D O I
10.1094/Phyto-81-985
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Mycoherbicidal preparations to selectively control weeds typically require high inoculum levels and long dew periods for establishment. The dew requirement was obviated and the inoculum threshold was reduced to one conidium per droplet when an invert emulsion was used as an adjuvant. Invert emulsion also abolished the selectivity of Alternaria cassiae and A. crassa. A. cassiae attacked eight plant species, including soybean and members of other families. The emulsion also facilitated cross-infectivity by A. crassa, a mycoherbicide specific to Datura spp., Cassia obtusifolia, and other species. Nonpathogenic fungi, such as Aspergillus nidulans and Trichoderma harzianum, colonized soybean when applied in the emulsion. Besides retaining water for spore germination, the invert emulsion may cause cuticular damage, allowing leaf penetration by the fungi. The emulsion could also suppress the plants' elicited responses to infection.
引用
收藏
页码:985 / 988
页数:4
相关论文
共 24 条
[1]   COMPLETE ABOLITION OF HIGH INOCULUM THRESHOLD OF 2 MYCOHERBICIDES (ALTERNARIA-CASSIAE AND ALTERNARIA-CRASSA) WHEN APPLIED IN INVERT EMULSION [J].
AMSELLEM, Z ;
SHARON, A ;
GRESSEL, J ;
QUIMBY, PC .
PHYTOPATHOLOGY, 1990, 80 (10) :925-929
[2]  
BAKER J. M., 1970, Environmental Pollution, V1, P27, DOI 10.1016/0013-9327(70)90004-2
[3]   MECHANISMS OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SOIL-BORNE PATHOGENS [J].
BAKER, R .
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY, 1968, 6 :263-+
[4]   JOHNSONGRASS (SORGHUM-HALEPENSE) CONTROL WITH HERBICIDES IN OIL DILUENTS [J].
BARRENTINE, WL ;
MCWHORTER, CG .
WEED SCIENCE, 1988, 36 (01) :102-110
[5]  
BOYETTE CD, 1988, PLANT SCI, V56, P261
[7]   INVERT EMULSIONS - CARRIER AND WATER SOURCE FOR THE MYCOHERBICIDE, ALTERNARIA-CASSIAE [J].
DAIGLE, DJ ;
CONNICK, WJ ;
QUIMBY, PC ;
EVANS, J ;
TRASKMORRELL, B ;
FULGHAM, FE .
WEED TECHNOLOGY, 1990, 4 (02) :327-331
[8]   A SENSITIVE RADIOIMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY FOR THE DETECTION OF PLANT-VIRUSES [J].
GHABRIAL, SA ;
SHEPHERD, RJ .
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY, 1980, 48 (JUN) :311-317
[9]   HERBICIDE-INDUCED MICROBIAL INVASION OF PLANT-ROOTS [J].
GREAVES, MP ;
SARGENT, JA .
WEED SCIENCE, 1986, 34 :50-53
[10]  
GRESSEL J, 1990, Reviews of Weed Science, V5, P49