DISTRIBUTION AND DISSOCIATION EQUILIBRIA OF PHASE-TRANSFER CATALYSTS, TETRABUTYLAMMONIUM SALTS

The distribution and dissociation equilibria of phase-transfer catalysts, tetrabutylammonium salts (Q+Br-, Q+Cl-, Q+OH-), were measured at 303 K for the systems of 1,2-dichloroethane-water and aqueous electrolyte solutions. Furthermore, those of Q+C6H5O- and Q+C6H5CO2- were evaluated at 303 K from the system of Q+Br--1,2-dichloroethane-aqueous C6H5ONa and C6H5CO2Na solutions, respectively. The equilibrium relations varied greatly depending on the kinds of anionic group of the tetrabutylammonium salts. The evaluated distribution coefficients of tetrabutylammonium salts were correlated as a function of the ionic strength in the aqueous phase. The dissociation constants of tetrabutylammonium salts were substantially independent of the ionic strength.