SOLAR AND GEOMAGNETIC VARIABILITY AND CHANGES OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE

Short-term and long-term changes in solar activity, the geomagnetic field, weather and climate show very similar quasi-periodic variations. Our results that are substantiated by statistical tests are used to investigate the hypothesis that the changes in solar activity can influence processes in the auroral oval which modulate the alternation of meridional and zonal types of atmospheric circulation, leading to changes in temperature and pressure. Long-term climate fluctuations can be explained as being due to the wander of the geomagnetic poles influenced by processes in the Earth's interior (which are modified by the Earth's orbital characteristics). These poles represent a centre of the auroral zone, the shift of which could lead to crucial changes of atmospheric flow and thus to the occurrence of glacial and interglacial periods. The increase of global temperature in the past may participate also in changes in the CO2 concentration. The results can contribute to the solution of the problem of how responses to anthropogenic impacts on the Earth can be distinguished from the variability of the natural system, mainly of the natural forcing mechanisms and of the climate.