Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening program in Poland

Background. Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is currently recommended by several vascular societies. In countries where it has been introduced the prevalence of AAAs differed greatly and was mainly related to cigarette smoking. The screening program also had an enormous impact on the decrease of AAA ruptures and reduced mortality rate. These facts have led to the introduction of the first screening program for AAAs in Poland. Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of AAAs among men aged 60 years and older undergoing ultrasound examination of the abdominal aorta. Material and methods. A single ultrasonography of the abdomen was performed to assess the aorta from the renal arteries to the bifurcation and the diameter of the aorta was measured at its widest point. The cutoff value for determining an aortic aneurysm was set at a diameter of 30 mm. All ultrasonography measurements were performed by physicians in outpatient departments throughout the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Province. Additionally, each subject had to fill out a questionnaire with demographic data, smoking habits, existing comorbidities and familial occurrence of AAAs. The study was conducted from October 2009 to November 2011. Results. The abdominal aorta ultrasound examinations were carried out in 1556 men aged 60 years and older. The prevalence of AAA in the study population was 6.0% (94 out of 1556). The average age of the men was 69 years (SD 6 years, range 60-92 years). In the study population 55% of the men smoked or had smoked and 3% were aware of the presence of AAAs in family members. There were three risk factors significantly associated with the presence of AAAs: age (p<0.05), smoking (72.3% vs 53.9%, p=0.004) and family history of AAAs (9.6% vs 2.7%, p=0.017). Conclusion. The prevalence of AAAs among men in Poland is higher than in other European countries and the USA. The screening program for AAAs is an easy and reliable method for detecting early stages of the disease and risk factors which are the driving forces for the development of AAAs.