HOME ABATEMENT AND BLOOD LEAD CHANGES IN CHILDREN WITH CLASS-III LEAD-POISONING

We studied the effect of home abatement on blood lead (PbB) levels in children from central Massachusetts who had not undergone chelation therapy and whose homes were abated between 1987 and 1990, when stricter abatement guidelines were enacted. One hundred and thirty-two children with a mean preabatement PbB of 25.9 mu g/dL (1.25 mu mol/L) were studied; their mean postabatement PbB (up to 1 year later) was 21.1 mu g/dL (1.02 mu mol/L) (P <.001). This reduction correlated with preabatement PbB; 32 of 33 (97%) with preabatement PbB greater than or equal to 30 mu g/dL (greater than or equal to 1.45 mu mol/L) were lower postabatement, and 64 of 79 (81%) with PbB 20 to 29 mu g/dL (0.97-1.40 mu mol/L) were lower However, in children with preabatement PbB <20 mu g/dL (<0.97 mu mol/L), only seven of 20 (35%) were lower postabatement and, in fact, there was a significant rise in PbB from 16.8 to 19.3 mu g/dL (0.81 to 0.93 mu mol/L) (P=0.05). Continued improvement in home abatement technology is needed if that strategy is to be effective in achieving the lower PbB levels now mandated in the 1991 Centers for Disease Control guidelines. Primary prevention of the initial blood lead level elevation remains the most desirable strategy.