Oligoculm and low-tillering spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were compared to free-tillering cultivars in each of 3 yr. On average, oligoculms yielded 20-40 and 4-27% less than the free- and low-tillering genotype groups, respectively. Averaged over years, oligoculms produced 44% fewer tillers and headed 3 d earlier than the free-tillering genotypes. These two groups did not differ consistently in tiller mortality across years.