GENERATION OF HYDROGEN GAS A RESULT OF DRILLING WITHIN THE SATURATED ZONE

被引：21

作者：

BJORNSTAD, BN

MCKINLEY, JP

STEVENS, TO

RAWSON, SA

FREDERICKSON, JK

LONG, PE

机构：

来源：

GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION | 1994年 / 14卷 / 04期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1111/j.1745-6592.1994.tb00492.x

中图分类号：

TV21 [水资源调查与水利规划];

学科分类号：

081501 ;

摘要：

Hydrogen gas was discovered within the steel casing above standing water in a percussion-drilled borehole on the Hanford Site in south-central Washington state. In situ measurements of the borehole fluids indicated anoxic, low-Eh (<-400 mV) conditions. Ground water sampled from adjacent wells in the same formation indicated that the ground water was oxygenated. H2 was generated during percussion drilling, due to the decomposition of borehole waters as a result of aqueous reactions with drilled sediment and steel from the drilling tools or casing. The generation of H2 within percussion-drilled boreholes that extend below the water table may be more common than previously realized. The ambient concentration of H2 produced during drilling was limited by microbial activity within the casing-resident fluids. H2 was generated abiotically in the laboratory, whereby sterilized borehole slurry samples produced 100 times more H2 than unsterilized samples. It appears that H2 is metabolized by microorganisms and concentrations might be significantly greater if not for microbial metabolism.

引用

页码：140 / 147

页数：8

共 19 条

[1] Atlas R.M., Bartha R., Microbial ecology, fundamentals and applications, (1993)
[2] Angino E.E., Coveney R.M., Goebel E.D., Zeller E.J., Dreschhoff G., Hydrogen and nitrogen — origin, distribution, and abundance, a follow up, Oil and Gas Journal, pp. 142-146, (1984)
[3] Arnorsson S., Chemistry of gases associated with geothermal activity and volcanism in Iceland: A review, Journal of Geophysical Research, 91, 12, pp. 261-268, (1986)
[4] Bai Q., Kohlstedt D.L., Substantial hydrogen solubility in olivine and implications for water storage in the mantle, Nature, 357, pp. 672-674, (1992)
[5] Barnes I., Rapp J.B., O'Neil J.R., Sheppard R.A., Gude A.J., Metamorphic assemblages and the direction of flow of metamorphic fluids in four instances of serpentinization, Contr. Mineral and Petrol, 35, pp. 263-276, (1972)
[6] CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, (1965)
[7] Daniels L., Belay N., Rajagopal B.S., Weimer P.J., Bacterial methanogenesis and growth from CO2 with elemental iron as the sole source of electrons, Science, 237, pp. 509-511, (1987)
[8] Early T.O., Spice G.D., Mitchell M.D., A hydrochemical data base for the Hanford Site, Washington. SD‐ BWI‐DP‐061, (1986)
[9] Freund F., H2 and N2 gas from magmatic rocks — A solid state viewpoint, Oil and Gas Journal, pp. 140-141, (1984)
[10] Freund F., Wengeler H., Martens R., A deuterium‐ hydrogen fractionation mechanism in magnesium oxide, Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 46, pp. 1821-1829, (1981)

← 1 2 →