EFFECTS OF TALL FESCUE ENDOPHYTE INFESTATION ON RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF SMALL MAMMALS

Small mammal populations were characterized nine times during six sampling periods on six plots in five different fields of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) to determine differences in their abundance and species composition associated with the presence or absence of the endophytic fungus Acremonium coenophialum Morgen-Jones & Gams. No differences were found in species richness (n = 4 for both types) between endophyte-free (E(-)) plots and endophyte-infested (E(+)) plots. Capture success, number of individuals, total captures, and recapture rates were more for E(-) plots than for E(+) plots. Ah four species [eastern harvest mice (Reithrodontomys humulis Giglioli), short-tailed shrews (Blarina brevicauda Gray), pine voles (Microtus pinetorum McMurtrie), and cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord)] were captured more often in E(-) than in E(+) plots. The diminished population densities of small mammals demonstrate the potential of E(+) tall fescue as a permanent ground cover for waste disposal sites, orchards, tree farms, irrigation ditch banks, golf courses, and other residential, commercial, and industrial situations where burrowing activities of mammals may create human health hazards or financial burdens.