DEVELOPMENTAL COURSE OF GENERAL MOVEMENTS IN EARLY INFANCY .2. EMG CORRELATES

被引:65
作者
HADDERSALGRA, M
VANEYKERN, LA
KLIPVANDENNIEUWENDIJK, AWJ
PRECHTL, HFR
机构
[1] Department of Developmental Neurology, University Hospital Groningen, 9713 EZ Groningen
关键词
GENERAL MOVEMENTS; EARLY INFANCY; EMG; COCONTRACTION; RECIPROCAL ACTIVITY;
D O I
10.1016/0378-3782(92)90170-L
中图分类号
R71 [妇产科学];
学科分类号
100211 ;
摘要
In order to study developmental changes in muscle co-ordination during the first postnatal months, simultaneous polymyographic recordings and video-recordings were made during spontaneous movements of 22 healthy infants, who were followed from birth onwards. During the first 2 months general movements (GM) change from movements with a so-called 'writhing' character, which have a tight appearance, a relatively slow speed and a limited amplitude, into GM with a 'fidgety' character, which consist of an ongoing flow of small, elegant movements. We hypothesized that this transformation would coincide with a change from a pattern of co-contraction of antagonistic muscle groups into a pattern of reciprocal activation. This was not the case, a pattern of co-activation of antagonistic muscle groups remained the prevailing pattern. With increasing age, we found shorter burst durations of phasic activity, an attenuation of burst amplitude and a decrease of tonic background activity. These changes were attributed to a reduction of the sensitivity of the motor units due to spinal and supraspinal reorganization. It is hypothesized that the so-called 'bistable' properties of motoneurones play a central role in the observed phenomena: in neonates motor units are apt at displaying sustained activity, at 2 months of age the threshold for reaching this maintained activity increases, resulting in a low level of excitation of motor units during spontaneous movements. In the third month rapid arm movements ('swipes' and 'swats') develop. The 'swats' are characterized by a consistent pattern of reciprocal activity of antagonistic (shoulder) muscles.
引用
收藏
页码:231 / 251
页数:21
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