RECOGNITION OF HETEROSPECIFIC PARASITISM - COMPETITION BETWEEN APHIDIID (APHIDIUS-ERVI) AND APHELINID (APHELINUS-ASYCHIS) PARASITOIDS OF APHIDS (HYMENOPTERA, APHIDIIDAE, APHELINIDAE)

被引：25

作者：

BAI, B

MACKAUER, M

机构：

[1] Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, B.C.

来源：

JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR | 1991年 / 4卷 / 03期

关键词：

ACYRTHOSIPHON-PISUM; APHELINUS-ASYCHIS; APHIDIUS-ERVI; COMPETITION; HOST DISCRIMINATION; OVIPOSITION MARKERS; PEA-APHID; PARASITOID; SUPERPARASITISM;

D O I：

10.1007/BF01048282

中图分类号：

Q96 [昆虫学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

The solitary parasitoids Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) and Aphelinus asychis Walker (Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae) attacked but generally did not oviposit in pea aphids parasitized by the other species. Wasps selectively oviposited in unparasitized hosts when given a choice. Host discrimination depended on the recognition of internal cues. Females of A. asychis either could not recognize or ignored A. ervi's external host marking pheromone. Under most conditions, A. ervi survived in superparasitized hosts, killing competing A. asychis larvae by physical attack and possibly physiological suppression. The outcome of larval competition was not affected by oviposition sequence or age difference between larvae; A. asychis survived only when it had substantially completed larval development before the host was superparasitized by A. ervi. It is suggested that competition for host resources incurs a cost, for the winner in terms of reduced size or increased development time and for the loser in terms of lost progeny and searching time. Consequently, heterospecific host discrimination can be functional. Internal, and probably general, cues enable wasps to recognize and avoid oviposition in hosts already parasitized by an unrelated species.

引用

页码：333 / 345

页数：13

共 45 条

[1]

Bai B., Mackauer M., Host discrimination by the aphid parasitoid Aphelinus asychis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae): When superparasitism is not adaptive, Can. Entomol., 122, pp. 363-372, (1990)

[2]

Bai B., Mackauer M., Oviposition and host-feeding patterns by Aphelinus asychis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) at different aphid densities, Ecol. Entomol., 15, pp. 9-16, (1990)

[3]

Bakker K., van Alphen J.J.M., van Batenburg F.H.D., van der Hoeven N., Nell H.W., van Strien-van Liempt W.F.T.H., Turlings T.C.J., The function of host discrimination and superparasitism in parasitoids, Oecologia, 67, pp. 572-576, (1985)

[4]

Beard R.L., Effectiveness of paralyzing venom and its relation to host discrimination by braconid wasps, Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 65, pp. 90-93, (1972)

[5]

Beckage N.E., Templeton T.J., Physiological effects of parasitism by Apanteles congregatus in terminal-stage tobacco hornworm larvae, J. Insect Physiol., 32, pp. 299-314, (1986)

[6]

Bosque C., Rabinovich J.E., Population dynamics of Telenomus fariai (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a parasite of Chagas' disease vectors. VII. Oviposition behavior and host discrimination, The Canadian Entomologist, 111, pp. 171-180, (1979)

[7]

Boyle H., Barrows E.M., Oviposition and host feeding behavior of Aphelinus asychis (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) on Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: Aphididae) and some reactions of aphids to this parasite, Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash., 80, pp. 441-455, (1978)

[8]

Calvert D.J., van den Bosch R., Behaviour and biology of Monoctonus paulensis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasite of dactynotine aphids, Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 65, pp. 773-779, (1972)

[9]

Chow F.J., Mackauer M., Host discrimination and larval competition in the aphid parasite Ephedrus californicus, Entomol. Exp. Appl., 41, pp. 243-254, (1986)

[10]

Cloutier C., Amino acid utilization in the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum infected by the parasitoid Aphidius smithi, J. Insect Physiol., 32, pp. 263-267, (1986)

← 1 2 3 4 5 →