A CRYPTIC 65-KILOBASE-PAIR TRANSPOSON-LIKE ELEMENT ISOLATED FROM BACTEROIDES-UNIFORMIS HAS HOMOLOGY WITH BACTEROIDES CONJUGAL TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE ELEMENTS

A 65-kilobase-pair element, XBU4422, which has some transposonlike characteristics but carries no known antibiotic resistance genes, has been isolated from Bacteroides uniformis 0061. XBU4422 was trapped on Bacteroides-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors during experiments in which one of the conjugal Bacteroides tetracycline resistance (Tc(r)) elements was being used to mobilize the shuttle vectors to Bacteroides recipients. Results of Southern hybridization experiments showed that XBU4422 is normally integrated in the B. uniformis 0061 chromosome and is found only in some strains. Insertion of XBU4422 in the shuttle vectors was site specific and orientation specific. Nonmobilizable vectors that had acquired XBU4422 became transmissible and could be transferred to Bacteroides or E. coli recipients. In B. uniformis transconjugants, the XBU4422 insertion in the vectors was usually intact, but XBU4422 was always lost in matings with E. coli, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, or B. ovatus. The loss of XBU4422 did not visibly alter the vector; in the case of E. coli, the loss of the insertion appeared to be RecA dependent. Although XBU4422 carried no antibiotic resistances, it shared regions of homology with six conjugal Bacteroides Tc(r) elements; this homology was strongest with the ends of XBU4422. Using a strain of B. thetaiotaomicron that contains no XBU4422-hybridizing sequences, we showed that the ends of XBU4422 were probably reacting with the ends of the Tc(r) elements. These results provide the first direct evidence that the Tc(r) elements, like XBU4422, are integrated in the chromosome and that insertion of at least some Tc(r) elements, such as Tc(r) Em(r) DOT, is relatively site specific.